Heimat Export Items
Oilseeds
Ethiopia has an attractive portfolio of high value specialty oilseeds for export markets. The oilseed sector in Ethiopia is one of the fastest growing sectors and the centers of biodiversity for several oilseeds which can be considered as specialty high value seeds on the international market. It is in the top 5 producing countries for Sesame seed, Linseed and Niger seed. Beside the specialty seeds like Safflower seed and Castor beans most other oilseeds products (Soybeans, Rapeseed etc.) are grown in Ethiopia. The natural resource base of the soil, the climate, the relative humidity the vegetation types are the foundations of Ethiopia’s agriculture. Due to the different Agro – ecological zones, extensive arable land and high population in rural areas make Ethiopia one of an agrarian country. About 146 crop types in Ethiopia and oilseeds are among the major ones. Sesame and Niger seed dominate largely the oil seeds category. Niger seed is oil crop of Ethiopian origin like coffee.
Pulses
Ethiopia pulses broadly refer to leguminous crops that grow for food and for oil. Pulses cultivated on the cooler highlands of Ethiopia includes Faba bean, Field pea, Chickpea, Lentil, Grass pea, Fenugreek and Lupine. In the warmer and low lands, the major pulses grown are Haricot bean, Cowpea, Pigeon pea and Mung beans.Small scale farmers in Ethiopia grow various crops for own consumption and economic benefits. Pulses are among the crops produced in all the regions of the country following cereals in terms of total production and area coverage. Pulses are highly essential for body building nutrients. They also consist of high dietary fiber and select vitamins. In processed forms, the oilseeds consist of nutritious vegetable fat. One of the most important of all oils is that of soybean which is common in use throughout the world.
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Spices
Ethiopia is a homeland for many spices and has enormous potential to produce various spice crops. The country mainly exports; chilies, turmeric, ginger, black pepper, cumin, fenugreek, coriander and so forth. As a result, the history of spice use in Ethiopia is an ancient one and spices have always been and remain as basic food items in the diet of the Ethiopian people.
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Minerals
Ethiopia’s geology shows extraordinary potential for exploration and development. The country has rich deposits of Metallic minerals (gold, platinum, iron, nickel, chromite and base metals), Fertilizer raw minerals (potash and phosphate), Gemstones (sapphires, emeralds, fiery opals), Energy minerals (lithium, graphite and tantalum, oil shale and coal), Cement raw minerals (limestone, gypsum, clay, pumice), Ceramics raw minerals (kaolin, feldspar). Glass raw minerals (silica sand), Dimension stones (marble, granite, limestone, sandstone, diatomite, bentonite, soda ash, salt, graphite and Sulphur). Natural gases and Hydro-carbons.
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